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The DTLS implementation provides some protection against replay attacks in accordance with RFC6347 section 4.1.2.6. A sliding "window" of valid record sequence numbers is maintained with the "right" hand edge of the window set to the highest sequence number we have received so far. Records that arrive that are off the "left" hand edge of the window are rejected. Records within the window are checked against a list of records received so far. If we already received it then we also reject the new record. If we have not already received the record, or the sequence number is off the right hand edge of the window then we verify the MAC of the record. If MAC verification fails then we discard the record. Otherwise we mark the record as received. If the sequence number was off the right hand edge of the window, then we slide the window along so that the right hand edge is in line with the newly received sequence number. Records may arrive for future epochs, i.e. a record from after a CCS being sent, can arrive before the CCS does if the packets get re-ordered. As we have not yet received the CCS we are not yet in a position to decrypt or validate the MAC of those records. OpenSSL places those records on an unprocessed records queue. It additionally updates the window immediately, even though we have not yet verified the MAC. This will only occur if currently in a handshake/renegotiation. This could be exploited by an attacker by sending a record for the next epoch (which does not have to decrypt or have a valid MAC), with a very large sequence number. This means the right hand edge of the window is moved very far to the right, and all subsequent legitimate packets are dropped causing a denial of service. A similar effect can be achieved during the initial handshake. In this case there is no MAC key negotiated yet. Therefore an attacker can send a message for the current epoch with a very large sequence number. The code will process the record as normal. If the hanshake message sequence number (as opposed to the record sequence number that we have been talking about so far) is in the future then the injected message is bufferred to be handled later, but the window is still updated. Therefore all subsequent legitimate handshake records are dropped. This aspect is not considered a security issue because there are many ways for an attacker to disrupt the initial handshake and prevent it from completing successfully (e.g. injection of a handshake message will cause the Finished MAC to fail and the handshake to be aborted). This issue comes about as a result of trying to do replay protection, but having no integrity mechanism in place yet. Does it even make sense to have replay protection in epoch 0? That issue isn't addressed here though. This addressed an OCAP Audit issue. CVE-2016-2181 Reviewed-by: Richard Levitte <levitte@openssl.org>
OpenSSL 1.0.1u-dev
Copyright (c) 1998-2015 The OpenSSL Project
Copyright (c) 1995-1998 Eric A. Young, Tim J. Hudson
All rights reserved.
DESCRIPTION
-----------
The OpenSSL Project is a collaborative effort to develop a robust,
commercial-grade, fully featured, and Open Source toolkit implementing the
Secure Sockets Layer (SSLv3) and Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocols as
well as a full-strength general purpose cryptograpic library. The project is
managed by a worldwide community of volunteers that use the Internet to
communicate, plan, and develop the OpenSSL toolkit and its related
documentation.
OpenSSL is descended from the SSLeay library developed by Eric A. Young
and Tim J. Hudson. The OpenSSL toolkit is licensed under a dual-license (the
OpenSSL license plus the SSLeay license), which means that you are free to
get and use it for commercial and non-commercial purposes as long as you
fulfill the conditions of both licenses.
OVERVIEW
--------
The OpenSSL toolkit includes:
libssl.a:
Provides the client and server-side implementations for SSLv3 and TLS.
libcrypto.a:
Provides general cryptographic and X.509 support needed by SSL/TLS but
not logically part of it.
openssl:
A command line tool that can be used for:
Creation of key parameters
Creation of X.509 certificates, CSRs and CRLs
Calculation of message digests
Encryption and decryption
SSL/TLS client and server tests
Handling of S/MIME signed or encrypted mail
And more...
INSTALLATION
------------
See the appropriate file:
INSTALL Linux, Unix, etc.
INSTALL.DJGPP DOS platform with DJGPP
INSTALL.NW Netware
INSTALL.OS2 OS/2
INSTALL.VMS VMS
INSTALL.W32 Windows (32bit)
INSTALL.W64 Windows (64bit)
INSTALL.WCE Windows CE
SUPPORT
-------
See the OpenSSL website www.openssl.org for details on how to obtain
commercial technical support.
If you have any problems with OpenSSL then please take the following steps
first:
- Download the current snapshot from ftp://ftp.openssl.org/snapshot/
to see if the problem has already been addressed
- Remove ASM versions of libraries
- Remove compiler optimisation flags
If you wish to report a bug then please include the following information in
any bug report:
- On Unix systems:
Self-test report generated by 'make report'
- On other systems:
OpenSSL version: output of 'openssl version -a'
OS Name, Version, Hardware platform
Compiler Details (name, version)
- Application Details (name, version)
- Problem Description (steps that will reproduce the problem, if known)
- Stack Traceback (if the application dumps core)
Email the report to:
rt@openssl.org
In order to avoid spam, this is a moderated mailing list, and it might
take a day for the ticket to show up. (We also scan posts to make sure
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to this address is recorded in the public RT (request tracker) database
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Please do NOT use this for general assistance or support queries.
Just because something doesn't work the way you expect does not mean it
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You can also make GitHub pull requests. If you do this, please also send
mail to rt@openssl.org with a link to the PR so that we can more easily
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HOW TO CONTRIBUTE TO OpenSSL
----------------------------
See CONTRIBUTING
LEGALITIES
----------
A number of nations, in particular the U.S., restrict the use or export
of cryptography. If you are potentially subject to such restrictions
you should seek competent professional legal advice before attempting to
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