diff --git a/test/asynciotest.c b/test/asynciotest.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f80425eb92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/asynciotest.c
@@ -0,0 +1,380 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2016 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the OpenSSL licenses, (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ * https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html
+ * or in the file LICENSE in the source distribution.
+ */
+
+#include <string.h>
+#include <openssl/ssl.h>
+#include <openssl/bio.h>
+#include <openssl/err.h>
+
+#include "../ssl/packet_locl.h"
+
+/* Should we fragment records or not? 0 = no, !0 = yes*/
+static int fragment = 0;
+
+static int async_new(BIO *bi);
+static int async_free(BIO *a);
+static int async_read(BIO *b, char *out, int outl);
+static int async_write(BIO *b, const char *in, int inl);
+static long async_ctrl(BIO *b, int cmd, long num, void *ptr);
+static int async_gets(BIO *bp, char *buf, int size);
+static int async_puts(BIO *bp, const char *str);
+
+/* Choose a sufficiently large type likely to be unused for this custom BIO */
+# define BIO_TYPE_ASYNC_FILTER  (0x80 | BIO_TYPE_FILTER)
+
+static BIO_METHOD *methods_async = NULL;
+
+struct async_ctrs {
+    unsigned int rctr;
+    unsigned int wctr;
+};
+
+static const BIO_METHOD *bio_f_async_filter()
+{
+    if (methods_async == NULL) {
+        methods_async = BIO_meth_new(BIO_TYPE_ASYNC_FILTER, "Async filter");
+        if (   methods_async == NULL
+            || !BIO_meth_set_write(methods_async, async_write)
+            || !BIO_meth_set_read(methods_async, async_read)
+            || !BIO_meth_set_puts(methods_async, async_puts)
+            || !BIO_meth_set_gets(methods_async, async_gets)
+            || !BIO_meth_set_ctrl(methods_async, async_ctrl)
+            || !BIO_meth_set_create(methods_async, async_new)
+            || !BIO_meth_set_destroy(methods_async, async_free))
+            return NULL;
+    }
+    return methods_async;
+}
+
+static int async_new(BIO *bio)
+{
+    struct async_ctrs *ctrs;
+
+    ctrs = OPENSSL_zalloc(sizeof(struct async_ctrs));
+    if (ctrs == NULL)
+        return 0;
+
+    BIO_set_data(bio, ctrs);
+    BIO_set_init(bio, 1);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static int async_free(BIO *bio)
+{
+    struct async_ctrs *ctrs;
+
+    if (bio == NULL)
+        return 0;
+    ctrs = BIO_get_data(bio);
+    OPENSSL_free(ctrs);
+    BIO_set_data(bio, NULL);
+    BIO_set_init(bio, 0);
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static int async_read(BIO *bio, char *out, int outl)
+{
+    struct async_ctrs *ctrs;
+    int ret = 0;
+    BIO *next = BIO_next(bio);
+
+    if (outl <= 0)
+        return 0;
+    if (next == NULL)
+        return 0;
+
+    ctrs = BIO_get_data(bio);
+
+    BIO_clear_retry_flags(bio);
+
+    if (ctrs->rctr > 0) {
+        ret = BIO_read(next, out, 1);
+        if (ret <= 0 && BIO_should_read(next))
+            BIO_set_retry_read(bio);
+        ctrs->rctr = 0;
+    } else {
+        ctrs->rctr++;
+        BIO_set_retry_read(bio);
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+#define MIN_RECORD_LEN  6
+
+#define CONTENTTYPEPOS  0
+#define VERSIONHIPOS    1
+#define VERSIONLOPOS    2
+#define DATAPOS         5
+
+static int async_write(BIO *bio, const char *in, int inl)
+{
+    struct async_ctrs *ctrs;
+    int ret = 0;
+    size_t written = 0;
+    BIO *next = BIO_next(bio);
+
+    if (inl <= 0)
+        return 0;
+    if (next == NULL)
+        return 0;
+
+    ctrs = BIO_get_data(bio);
+
+    BIO_clear_retry_flags(bio);
+
+    if (ctrs->wctr > 0) {
+        ctrs->wctr = 0;
+        if (fragment) {
+            PACKET pkt;
+
+            if (!PACKET_buf_init(&pkt, (const unsigned char *)in, inl))
+                abort();
+
+            while (PACKET_remaining(&pkt) > 0) {
+                PACKET payload;
+                unsigned int contenttype, versionhi, versionlo, data;
+
+                if (   !PACKET_get_1(&pkt, &contenttype)
+                    || !PACKET_get_1(&pkt, &versionhi)
+                    || !PACKET_get_1(&pkt, &versionlo)
+                    || !PACKET_get_length_prefixed_2(&pkt, &payload))
+                    abort();
+
+                /* Pretend we wrote out the record header */
+                written += SSL3_RT_HEADER_LENGTH;
+
+                while (PACKET_get_1(&payload, &data)) {
+                    /* Create a new one byte long record for each byte in the
+                     * record in the input buffer
+                     */
+                    char smallrec[MIN_RECORD_LEN] = {
+                        0, /* Content type */
+                        0, /* Version hi */
+                        0, /* Version lo */
+                        0, /* Length hi */
+                        1, /* Length lo */
+                        0  /* Data */
+                    };
+
+                    smallrec[CONTENTTYPEPOS] = contenttype;
+                    smallrec[VERSIONHIPOS] = versionhi;
+                    smallrec[VERSIONLOPOS] = versionlo;
+                    smallrec[DATAPOS] = data;
+                    ret = BIO_write(next, smallrec, MIN_RECORD_LEN);
+                    if (ret <= 0)
+                        abort();
+                    written++;
+                }
+                /*
+                 * We can't fragment anything after the CCS, otherwise we
+                 * get a bad record MAC
+                 */
+                if (contenttype == SSL3_RT_CHANGE_CIPHER_SPEC) {
+                    fragment = 0;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        /* Write any data we have left after fragmenting */
+        ret = 0;
+        if ((int)written < inl) {
+            ret = BIO_write(next, in + written , inl - written);
+        }
+
+        if (ret <= 0 && BIO_should_write(next))
+            BIO_set_retry_write(bio);
+        else
+            ret += written;
+    } else {
+        ctrs->wctr++;
+        BIO_set_retry_write(bio);
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static long async_ctrl(BIO *bio, int cmd, long num, void *ptr)
+{
+    long ret;
+    BIO *next = BIO_next(bio);
+
+    if (next == NULL)
+        return 0;
+
+    switch (cmd) {
+    case BIO_CTRL_DUP:
+        ret = 0L;
+        break;
+    default:
+        ret = BIO_ctrl(next, cmd, num, ptr);
+        break;
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int async_gets(BIO *bio, char *buf, int size)
+{
+    /* We don't support this - not needed anyway */
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static int async_puts(BIO *bio, const char *str)
+{
+    return async_write(bio, str, strlen(str));
+}
+
+#define MAXLOOPS    100000
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+    SSL_CTX *serverctx = NULL, *clientctx = NULL;
+    SSL *serverssl = NULL, *clientssl = NULL;
+    BIO *s_to_c_bio = NULL, *c_to_s_bio = NULL;
+    BIO *s_to_c_fbio = NULL, *c_to_s_fbio = NULL;
+    int retc = -1, rets = -1, err, abortctr;
+    int test;
+
+    CRYPTO_set_mem_debug(1);
+    CRYPTO_mem_ctrl(CRYPTO_MEM_CHECK_ON);
+
+    if (argc != 3) {
+        printf("Invalid argument count\n");
+        goto end;
+    }
+
+    serverctx = SSL_CTX_new(TLS_server_method());
+    clientctx = SSL_CTX_new(TLS_client_method());
+    if (serverctx == NULL || clientctx == NULL) {
+        printf("Failed to create SSL_CTX\n");
+        goto end;
+    }
+
+    if (SSL_CTX_use_certificate_file(serverctx, argv[1],
+                                     SSL_FILETYPE_PEM) <= 0) {
+        printf("Failed to load server certificate\n");
+        goto end;
+    }
+    if (SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file(serverctx, argv[2],
+                                    SSL_FILETYPE_PEM) <= 0) {
+        printf("Failed to load server private key\n");
+    }
+    if (SSL_CTX_check_private_key(serverctx) <= 0) {
+        printf("Failed to check private key\n");
+        goto end;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * We do 2 test runs. The first time around we just do a normal handshake
+     * with lots of async io going on. The second time around we also break up
+     * all records so that the content is only one byte length (up until the
+     * CCS)
+     */
+    for (test = 1; test < 3; test++) {
+        abortctr = 0;
+        retc = rets = -1;
+        if (test == 2)
+            fragment = 1;
+
+        serverssl = SSL_new(serverctx);
+        clientssl = SSL_new(clientctx);
+        if (serverssl == NULL || clientssl == NULL) {
+            printf("Failed to create SSL object\n");
+            goto end;
+        }
+
+        s_to_c_bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
+        c_to_s_bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
+        if (s_to_c_bio == NULL || c_to_s_bio == NULL) {
+            printf("Failed to create mem BIOs\n");
+            goto end;
+        }
+
+        s_to_c_fbio = BIO_new(bio_f_async_filter());
+        c_to_s_fbio = BIO_new(bio_f_async_filter());
+        if (s_to_c_fbio == NULL || c_to_s_fbio == NULL) {
+            printf("Failed to create filter BIOs\n");
+            goto end;
+        }
+
+        s_to_c_bio = BIO_push(s_to_c_fbio, s_to_c_bio);
+        c_to_s_bio = BIO_push(c_to_s_fbio, c_to_s_bio);
+        if (s_to_c_bio == NULL || c_to_s_bio == NULL) {
+            printf("Failed to create chained BIOs\n");
+            goto end;
+        }
+
+        /* Set Non-blocking IO behaviour */
+        BIO_set_mem_eof_return(s_to_c_bio, -1);
+        BIO_set_mem_eof_return(c_to_s_bio, -1);
+
+        /* Up ref these as we are passing them to two SSL objects */
+        BIO_up_ref(s_to_c_bio);
+        BIO_up_ref(c_to_s_bio);
+
+        SSL_set_bio(serverssl, c_to_s_bio, s_to_c_bio);
+        SSL_set_bio(clientssl, s_to_c_bio, c_to_s_bio);
+
+        do {
+            err = SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE;
+            while (retc <= 0 && err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE) {
+                retc = SSL_connect(clientssl);
+                if (retc <= 0)
+                    err = SSL_get_error(clientssl, retc);
+            }
+
+            if (retc <= 0 && err != SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ) {
+                printf("Test %d failed: SSL_connect() failed %d, %d\n",
+                       test, retc, err);
+                goto end;
+            }
+
+            err = SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE;
+            while (rets <= 0 && err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE) {
+                rets = SSL_accept(serverssl);
+                if (rets <= 0)
+                    err = SSL_get_error(serverssl, rets);
+            }
+
+            if (rets <= 0 && err != SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ) {
+                printf("Test %d failed: SSL_accept() failed %d, %d\n",
+                       test, retc, err);
+                goto end;
+            }
+            if (++abortctr == MAXLOOPS) {
+                printf("Test %d failed: No progress made\n", test);
+                goto end;
+            }
+        } while (retc <=0 || rets <= 0);
+
+        /* Also frees the BIOs */
+        SSL_free(clientssl);
+        SSL_free(serverssl);
+        clientssl = serverssl = NULL;
+    }
+
+    printf("Test success\n");
+
+ end:
+    if (retc <= 0 || rets <= 0)
+        ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
+
+    SSL_free(clientssl);
+    SSL_free(serverssl);
+    SSL_CTX_free(clientctx);
+    SSL_CTX_free(serverctx);
+
+# ifndef OPENSSL_NO_CRYPTO_MDEBUG
+    CRYPTO_mem_leaks_fp(stderr);
+# endif
+
+    return (retc > 0 && rets > 0) ? 0 : 1;
+}
diff --git a/test/build.info b/test/build.info
index 0f41a7317b..7dce8e57e5 100644
--- a/test/build.info
+++ b/test/build.info
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ IF[{- !$disabled{tests} -}]
           constant_time_test verify_extra_test clienthellotest \
           packettest asynctest secmemtest srptest memleaktest \
           dtlsv1listentest ct_test threadstest afalgtest d2i_test \
-          ssl_test_ctx_test ssl_test x509aux cipherlist_test
+          ssl_test_ctx_test ssl_test x509aux cipherlist_test asynciotest
 
   SOURCE[aborttest]=aborttest.c
   INCLUDE[aborttest]={- rel2abs(catdir($builddir,"../include")) -} ../include
@@ -245,4 +245,8 @@ IF[{- !$disabled{tests} -}]
   SOURCE[x509aux]=x509aux.c
   INCLUDE[x509aux]={- rel2abs(catdir($builddir,"../include")) -} ../include
   DEPEND[x509aux]=../libcrypto
+
+  SOURCE[asynciotest]=asynciotest.c
+  INCLUDE[asynciotest]={- rel2abs(catdir($builddir,"../include")) -} ../include
+  DEPEND[asynciotest]=../libcrypto ../libssl
 ENDIF
diff --git a/test/recipes/70-test_asyncio.t b/test/recipes/70-test_asyncio.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c26f75705c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/recipes/70-test_asyncio.t
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env perl
+# Copyright 2015-2016 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the OpenSSL license (the "License").  You may not use
+# this file except in compliance with the License.  You can obtain a copy
+# in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
+# https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html
+
+
+use OpenSSL::Test;
+use OpenSSL::Test::Utils;
+use OpenSSL::Test qw/:DEFAULT srctop_file/;
+
+setup("test_asyncio");
+
+plan skip_all => "No TLS/SSL protocols are supported by this OpenSSL build"
+    if alldisabled(grep { $_ ne "ssl3" } available_protocols("tls"));
+
+plan tests => 1;
+
+ok(run(test(["asynciotest", srctop_file("apps", "server.pem"),
+             srctop_file("apps", "server.pem")])), "running asynciotest");